GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The uppermost horizon is called the topsoil layer. The topsoil layer is a mixture of sand, silt, clay and broken down organic matter, called humus. Humus is rich, highly decomposed organic matter mostly made from dead plants, crunched-up leaves, dead insects and twigs.

Detailed explanation-2: -Humus is the dead and decaying bits of animals and plants present in the topmost layer of soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -Topsoil: Topsoil is often referred to as the organic layer. In this layer, plants grow and animals live on top of the soil. The plants keep the soil cool and from drying out. It also has decomposers that recycle the dead plants and animals.

Detailed explanation-4: -The uppermost layer of the soil is called topsoil and this layer contains humus, plant roots, and living creatures.