GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.

Detailed explanation-2: -Molten rock that cools on Earth’s surface forms extrusive igneous rocks. Examples are rhyolite, pumice, and basalt. Molten rock that cools within Earth forms intrusive igneous rocks. Examples are granite and gabbro.

Detailed explanation-3: -Igneous rocks form from the cooling and hardening of molten magma in many different environments. These rocks are identified by their composition and texture.

Detailed explanation-4: -Any rock that forms from the cooling of magma is an igneous rock. Magma that cools quickly forms one kind of igneous rock, and magma that cools slowly forms another kind. When magma rises from deep within the earth and explodes out of a volcano, it is called lava, and it cools quickly on the surface.

Detailed explanation-5: -Intrusive igneous rocks form when magma cools slowly below the Earth’s surface and solidifies.