GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sedimentary rocks are originally laid down vertically. Sedimentary rocks form with the oldest layers on the bottom and the youngest on top. Sediments are deposited horizontally so sedimentary rock layers are originally horizontal. Sedimentary rock layers that are not horizontal are deformed.

Detailed explanation-2: -Principle of Original Horizontality, states that sediments are deposited in flat, horizontal layers. Sedimentary particles settling under the influence of gravity in a body of water will deposit horizontal layer of sediment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Pieces of rock are loosened by weathering, then transported to some basin or depression where sediment is trapped. If the sediment is buried deeply, it becomes compacted and cemented, forming sedimentary rock.

Detailed explanation-4: -They also observed that layered rocks, such as lava flows, volcanic ash layers, and sedimentary rocks are deposited under the influence of gravity. For this reason, the rock layers themselves are horizontal.

Detailed explanation-5: -These strata are often horizontal because of the effect of gravity on the deposition of sediment, sand, dirt, rock fragments, shell pieces, or other minerals. All of these small particles are moved by moving water or wind, and when they are deposited they are left in a roughly horizontal spread.