GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Rocks become deformed when the Earth’s crust is compressed or stretched. The forces needed to do this act over millions of years – deformation is a very slow process!

Detailed explanation-2: -Deformation of Ductile Rocks When rocks deform in a ductile manner, instead of fracturing to form faults or joints, they may bend or fold, and the resulting structures are called folds. Folds result from compressional stresses or shear stresses acting over considerable time.

Detailed explanation-3: -When a rock is subjected to increasing stress it passes through 3 successive stages of deformation. Elastic Deformation–wherein the strain is reversible. Ductile Deformation–wherein the strain is irreversible. Fracture-irreversible strain wherein the material breaks.

Detailed explanation-4: -Figure 10.6: Faults can form in response to any one of the three types of forces: compression, tension and shear: The type of fault produced, however, depends on the type of force exerted.