GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -stratum, plural Strata, sedimentary rock layer bounded by two stratification planes, the latter being produced by visible changes in the grain size, texture, or other diagnostic features of the rocks above and below the plane.

Detailed explanation-2: -Rock layers are also called strata (the plural form of the Latin word stratum), and stratigraphy is the science of strata. Stratigraphy deals with all the characteristics of layered rocks; it includes the study of how these rocks relate to time.

Detailed explanation-3: -The most common cause of stratification is variation in the transporting ability of the depositing agent. Water and wind sort sediments according to size, weight, and shape of particles, and these sediments settle in layers of relative homogeneity.

Detailed explanation-4: -In geology, a stratum is a layer of rock or soil that is distinct from those above and below it. Rock and soil strata (notice the plural form) can be seen in road cuts, cliffs, quarries, riverbanks, and sand dunes, and in pieces of limestone, slate, and shale.