GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bacteria are classified according to their shape. The two main groups of bacteria are cocci (spherical-shaped) and bacilli (rod-shaped) (Brooker 2008). These two groups are then subdivided into gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. (Gram was the microbiologist who devised the staining method.)

Detailed explanation-2: -These anaerobic bacteria are part of the oral, upper respiratory, genitourinary and intestinal tract and skin microbiota and are isolated from infections such as lung abscesses, aspiration pneumonia, soft tissue infections, female genital tract and chronic sinusitis.

Detailed explanation-3: -coccus, plural Cocci, in microbiology, a spherical-shaped bacterium.

Detailed explanation-4: -Streptococci – cocci arranged in chains. E.g., Streptococcus mutans. Diplococci – cocci arranged in pairs. Eg., Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Monococci – single cocci. Staphylococci – clusters of cocci. Eg., Staphylococcus aureus. Tetrads – cocci in groups of four. Sarcina – cocci in groups of eight.