GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The withers is the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped. In many species, it is the tallest point of the body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Dorsal means “towards the surface or back"; in a four-legged animal this is always its back, but in a two-legged animal it also is used to refer to the top of the brain.

Detailed explanation-3: -In animals that are quadrupedal, or walk on four legs, standard anatomical position is with all four feet on the ground so that the belly of the animal is roughly parallel with the ground.

Detailed explanation-4: -Dorsal refers to the “back” of an animal and thus is the superior surface of four-legged animals.

Detailed explanation-5: -Identify the tagging site on the animal’s ear. Tags should be applied in the middle third of the ear between the upper and lower ribs (Figure 1).