GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Superior or cranial-toward the head end of the body; upper (example, the hand is part of the superior extremity). Inferior or caudal-away from the head; lower (example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity).

Detailed explanation-2: -Cephalic-This is a longitudinal line drawn from any part of the body to or beyond the head. Caudal-This is a longitudinal line drawn from any part of the body to or beyond the tail. It is the opposite of the cephalic direction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Body landmarks The cephalon or cephalic region refers to the head. This area is further differentiated into the cranium (skull), facies (face), frons (forehead), oculus (eye area), auris (ear), bucca (cheek), nausus (nose), oris (mouth), and mentis (chin).

Detailed explanation-4: -Caudal–directed toward the tail (& beyond) [head, neck, trunk, tail, limbs]. Rostral/Caudal: Rostral–directed toward the nose (beak) [head].