GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The vagus nerve (cranial nerve [CN] X) is the longest cranial nerve in the body, containing both motor and sensory functions in both the afferent and efferent regards.

Detailed explanation-2: -vagus nerve, also called X cranial nerve or 10th cranial nerve, longest and most complex of the cranial nerves. The vagus nerve runs from the brain through the face and thorax to the abdomen. It is a mixed nerve that contains parasympathetic fibres.

Detailed explanation-3: -The vagus nerve, cranial nerve X, is the major parasympathetic nerve. The nucleus ambiguus and the dorsal motor nuclei in the medulla provide efferent output to the vagus nerve that supplies a variety of internal organs including the heart, lungs, kidney, liver, spleen, pancreas, and the gastrointestinal tract.

Detailed explanation-4: -The glossopharyngeal nerve is the 9th cranial nerve (CN IX). It is one of the four cranial nerves that has sensory, motor, and parasympathetic functions. It originates from the medulla oblongata and terminates in the pharynx.

Detailed explanation-5: -The vagus nerve represents the main component of the parasympathetic nervous system, which oversees a vast array of crucial bodily functions, including control of mood, immune response, digestion, and heart rate.