GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body, where it is needed for metabolism. The carbon dioxide produced during metabolism is carried back to the lungs by the blood, where it is then exhaled (breathed out).

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood from the tissue to the lungs in three ways:1 (i) dissolved in solution; (ii) buffered with water as carbonic acid; (iii) bound to proteins, particularly haemoglobin. Approximately 75% of carbon dioxide is transport in the red blood cell and 25% in the plasma.

Detailed explanation-3: -Carbon dioxide can be transported through the blood via three methods. It is dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. Carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the body. Blood also fights infections, and carries hormones around the body. Blood is made up of blood cells and plasma.

Detailed explanation-5: -The main role of CO2 is to regulate the pH of the blood – this is much more important that transporting CO2 to the lungs for exhalation. Fig 1 – The reaction that produces bicarbonate within the body. Figure 1 shows how CO2 dissolves in the blood.