GROSS ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The hypoglossal nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue and is involved in tongue movements during speech, food manipulation, and swallowing.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glossopharyngeal nerve. The glossopharyngeal nerve possesses both motor and sensory functions. The sensory function receives information from the throat, tonsils, middle ear, and back of the tongue. It also has a role in the sensation of taste on the back of the tongue.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vagus nerve (X): A mixed nerve. The sensory fibers of this nerve carry impulses from the pharynx, larynx, and most internal organs to the brain. The motor fibers of this nerve carry impulses to internal organs of the chest and abdomen and to the skeletal muscles of the larynx and pharynx.

Detailed explanation-4: -The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for the sense of hearing and balance (body position sense).