GROSS ANATOMY
CRANIAL NERVES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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controls hearing and balance
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supplies organs/head/neck/thoracic and abd cavities
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controls movement of head/neck and shoulders
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concerned with vision
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Detailed explanation-1: -The accessory or spinal nerve has a double origin but always comes out of the jugular foramen. The jugular foramen develops embryologically from the otic capsule and the baseplate. Its spinal portion comes from a series of roots starting at C6-C7 and traveling cranially to enter in the foramen magnum.
Detailed explanation-2: -The accessory nerve is a cranial nerve that controls the movement of certain neck muscles. It is coiled in appearance.
Detailed explanation-3: -A patient with an injury to the SAN may present with neck pain, asymmetrical shoulders, inability to shrug the shoulder, or weakness in the neck area. The patients can also have complications secondary to treatment.
Detailed explanation-4: -The accessory nerve (Fig. 1), named after Thomas Willis (Willis, 1965) cranial nerve XI, innervates the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trapezius muscles.
Detailed explanation-5: -Pain and weakness in shoulder. Altered shoulder mechanics. Weakness with lifting. Droop shoulder. Trapezius muscle atrophy.