INDIAN HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -During his reign, the Mughal Empire extended from the Himalayas to Karnataka and Gujarat to Bengal. However he faced lot of rebels from the Jat, Maratha as well as Sikh community. Marathas were not included in Aurangzeb’s government.

Detailed explanation-2: -After the death of Aurangzeb his son Bahadur Shah occupied the throne, the Maratha Empire – which Aurangzeb had held at bay, consolidated and launched effective invasions of Mughal territory, seizing power from the weak emperor.

Detailed explanation-3: -Aurangzeb was arguably the most powerful and wealthiest ruler of his day. His nearly 50-year reign (1658–1707) had a profound influence on the political landscape of early modern India, and his legacy-real and imagined-continues to loom large in India and Pakistan today.

Detailed explanation-4: -After about 1680, Aurangzeb’s reign underwent a change of both attitude and policy. The pious ruler of an Islamic state replaced the seasoned statesman of a mixed kingdom; Hindus became subordinates, not colleagues, and the Marathas, like the southern Muslim kingdoms, were marked for annexation rather than containment.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mughal empire declined due to many reasons. Aurangzeb’s long war in the Deccan strained the military and the financial resources of the empire. Also, the efficiency of the Mughal administration decreased. The later Mughal emperors could not control their powerful mansabdars.