INDIAN HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The city of Samarra was founded by Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutasim for his Turkish professional army of around 3, 000 soldiers which grew to tens of thousands later.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ancient capital of Samarra dating from 836-892 provides outstanding evidence of the Abbasid Caliphate which was the major Islamic empire of the period, extending from Tunisia to Central Asia.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some 125 km from Baghdad, in Iraq, is one of the best-preserved medieval towns: Samarra. From a microsociety of soldiers, the city became a Muslim capital in the 8th and 9th centuries, thanks to the successive presence of eight caliphates.

Detailed explanation-4: -After the assassination of Al-Mutawakkil in 861, Samarra was abandoned and entered a period of political turbulence marked by short-lived reigns of caliphs and army interventions.