INDIAN HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -However, Alauddin imposed a 50% kharaj (Islamic tax on agricultural land) in a substantial part of northern India. The cultivators were required to pay half of the agricultural produce as a tax: this was the maximum amount allowed by the Hanafi school of Islam, which was dominant in Delhi at that time.

Detailed explanation-2: -The correct answer is Alauddin Khilji.

Detailed explanation-3: -However, in the medieval period, a wealthy class of Zamindars emerged who came to own the majority of the land. Zamindars collected revenue from the peasants and delivered a certain share of the revenue to the rulers while keeping the rest for themselves. This was the land revenue policy in the medieval period.

Detailed explanation-4: -During the medieval period different methods of revenue assessment and collection were used. The most simple and basic method was crop sharing or batai. The state fixed a certain ratio of produce as state’s share. In this method out of the total produce the state share was collected by designated official.

Detailed explanation-5: -The period between AD 750 and AD 1200 is referred to as an early medieval period of Indian History. It was earlier treated by historians as a ‘dark phase’. It was so because during this time the whole country was divided into numerous regional states which were busy fighting with each other.