LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Simple carbohydrates are small polar molecules, containing several –OH functional groups, which makes them hydrophilic (they dissolve well in water).

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbohydrates and proteins are water-soluble macromolecules of nutritional significance.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: Various hydroxyl groups are found in the structures of carbohydrates. The nature of hydroxyl groups is polar and thus, they readily dissolve in polar solvent that is water. These groups are responsible for the solubility of carbohydrates in water.

Detailed explanation-4: -(1) Unfortunately, carbohydrates are poorly soluble in almost all solvents except water. This is a major hurdle that significantly hinders their use.

Detailed explanation-5: -In general, polysaccharides are insoluble in water because they have hydrophilic regions interacting with water molecules, and hydrogen bonds form between these regions and the surrounding water molecules. Most polysaccharides are insoluble in water because they are hydrophobic and repel water molecules.