LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -For example, proteins are composed of monomers called amino acids. They are linked together to form a polypeptide chain, which folds into a three dimensional (3D) structure to constitute a functional protein (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -Amino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, also known as the alpha () carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom.

Detailed explanation-3: -The name “amino acid” is derived from the fact that they contain both amino group and carboxyl-acid-group in their basic structure. As mentioned, there are 20 amino acids present in proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -The name amino acid comes from the presence of an amino group and an acid carboxyl group (-COOH) in these molecules. Amino acids are the monomers which make up proteins. Amino acids are the monomer units.

Detailed explanation-5: -A protein molecule is made from a long chain of these amino acids, each linked to its neighbor through a covalent peptide bond (Figure 3-1). Proteins are therefore also known as polypeptides. Each type of protein has a unique sequence of amino acids, exactly the same from one molecule to the next.