LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: The breakdown of starch by digestive enzymes into glucose molecules is a B. decomposition reaction. Decomposition reactions are characterized by a larger molecule (e.g. starch) being broken down into smaller molecules (e.g. glucose) as a catabolic reaction.

Detailed explanation-2: -Starch digestion involves the breakdown by -amylase to small linear and branched malto-oligosaccharides, which are in turn hydrolyzed to glucose by the mucosal -glucosidases, maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI).

Detailed explanation-3: -Starch and glycogen are broken down into glucose by amylase and maltase.

Detailed explanation-4: -It is mainly digested to glucose in the small intestine. Undigested or resistant starch is fermented in the large intestine producing short chain fatty acids.

Detailed explanation-5: -The products of starch degradation are predominantly maltose and smaller amounts of glucose. These molecules are exported from the plastid to the cytosol, maltose via the maltose transporter, which if mutated (MEX1-mutant) results in maltose accumulation in the plastid.