LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In addition to proteins, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are fundamental to life on Earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are the four major classes of biological macromolecules-large molecules necessary for life that are built from smaller organic molecules. Macromolecules are made up of single units known as monomers that are joined by covalent bonds to form larger polymers.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nitrogen is a naturally occurring element that is essential for growth and reproduction in both plants and animals. It is found in amino acids that make up proteins, in nucleic acids, that comprise the hereditary material and life’s blueprint for all cells, and in many other organic and inorganic compounds.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nucleic acids contain the same elements as proteins: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen; plus phosphorous (C, H, O, N, and P).

Detailed explanation-5: -All the four options are correct as all the four macromolecules require a nitrogen element. Nitrogen is always required mainly by proteins and nucleic acids as necessary elements in building their structure.