LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Insulin-producing genes from humans were transferred into E. coli bacteria, which produced insulin called ‘humulin’ for clinical use using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology. On July 5, 1983, the American pharmaceutical company Eli Lily commercialized this type of insulin.

Detailed explanation-2: -Recombinant human insulin is produced predominantly using E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for therapeutic use in human.

Detailed explanation-3: -Humulin or genetically engineered human insulin is produced by transforming the human insulin gene into E. coli cells and extracting the protein in large fermenters. Rhizobium is a Gram negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore forming symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium.

Detailed explanation-4: -The correct option is C Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species: Q. Assertion :Biotechnology produces transgenic microorganisms that are micro-factories for proteins. Reason: Transgenic microorganisms can be developed to produce proteins of human use.