LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Transposons: These are DNA sequences that can move and replicate in different parts of a cell’s genome. Also called “jumping genes", they can be transferred horizontally between organisms that live in symbiosis. Transposons are present in all living things and in giant viruses.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are segments of DNA that encode enzymes and other proteins that mediate the movement of DNA within genomes (intracellular mobility) or between bacterial cells (intercellular mobility).

Detailed explanation-3: -Mobile elements are known to potentiate gene gain and loss, a major force that can profoundly change bacterial fitness. This change can contribute to the genetic adaptation to new environments and the emergence of divergent bacterial populations that may produce evolutionary distinct species.