LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In a series of experiments between 1972 and 1974 Stanley Cohen, Herbert Boyer, and their colleagues, at Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, developed techniques that formed the basis of recombinant DNA technology and helped spur the birth of the biotechnology industry.

Detailed explanation-2: -Boyer and Stanley N. Cohen. By inventing recombinant-DNA technology Boyer and Cohen jump-started the biotechnology industry, including Genentech, which creates important applications for a wide range of medical uses.

Detailed explanation-3: -Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen combined their efforts in biotechnology to invent a method of cloning genetically engineered molecules in foreign cells. Through this discovery and its applications, Boyer and Cohen initiated what is now the multibillion-dollar biotechnology industry.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stanley Cohen of Stanford and Herbert Boyer of UCSF applied for a patent on recombinant DNA technology in 1974; it was granted in 1980.