OBJECTIVE LIFE SCIENCE
BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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adding bubbles of nitrogen gas to mix the nutrients and Penicillium
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adding the required amount of sugar as a nutrient
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ensuring no oxygen enters the fermenter so only anaerobic respiration occurs
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maintaining a constant temperature of 95
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Detailed explanation-1: -Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum which requires lactose, other sugars, and a source of nitrogen (in this case a yeast extract) in the medium to grow well. Like all antibiotics, penicillin is a secondary metabolite, so is only produced in the stationary phase.
Detailed explanation-2: -Industrial synthesis Penicillin producing Penicillium chrysogenum fungi are isolated and placed into a fermenter. A source of nutrients is added in the form of carbon containing sugars, such as glucose, and nitrogen containing ions, such as nitrates (NO3–).
Detailed explanation-3: -Penicillium chrysogenum utilizes phenylacetic acid as a side chain precursor in penicillin G biosynthesis. During industrial production of penicillin G, phenylacetic acid is fed in small amounts to the medium to avoid toxic side effects.