LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Membrane markers allow cells to recognize one another, which is vital for cellular signaling processes that influence tissue and organ formation during early development. This marking function also plays a later role in the “self”-versus-“non-self” distinction of the immune response.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycoproteins perform vital biochemical and structural functions. They enable cells to recognize another cell as familiar or foreign, which is called cell-cell recognition. They also help cells attach to and bind other cells, which is called cell adhesion.

Detailed explanation-3: -carbohydrates act like I.d. cards, allowing cells to identify one another. Cell membranes are semipermeable or selectively permeable, meaning some substances can pass across them and others cannot.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glycolipids. These are chains of carbohydrates attached directly to a lipid in the membrane. Both glycoproteins and glycolipids act as labels to identify the cell.