LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The cytoskeleton is a structure that helps maintain cell shape, 1–6 organizes and transports organelles, 1, 7–12 provides mechanical support, 1, 5, 13–16 and allows for cell division and movement.

Detailed explanation-2: -Microtubules and their associated motors deliver mRNA, secretory vesicles, integrins and signalling molecules to the leading edge of migrating cells. Microtubules can withstand high compressive loads and generate pushing and pulling forces to support cell protrusion and positioning of the nucleus and other organelles.

Detailed explanation-3: -They function both to determine cell shape and in a variety of cell movements, including some forms of cell locomotion, the intracellular transport of organelles, and the separation of chromosomes during mitosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Microtubules have several functions. For example, they provide the rigid, organized components of the cytoskeleton that give shape to many cells, and they are major components of cilia and flagella (cellular locomotory projections). They participate in the formation of the spindle during cell division (mitosis).