LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Flagella (singular = flagellum) are long, hair-like structures that extend from the plasma membrane and are used to move an entire cell, (for example, sperm, Euglena). When present, the cell has just one flagellum or a few flagella.

Detailed explanation-2: -Flagella-rotating whip-like structures driven by reversible motors-rotate in a counterclockwise direction to propel the bacterial cell in a swimming motion called “running”. When at least one flagellum moves in a clockwise direction, the cell begins to “tumble”, changing its directional course.

Detailed explanation-3: -The long part of the flagellum is made of a protein called flagellin-who would have guessed? This protein is arranged as individual helical threads which wrap around one another to form a braid and the braids wrap around one another to form a filament (like threads and braids which form a rope).