LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Living organisms cannot convert heat to other forms of energy. Heat is lost from ecosystems. Energy losses between trophic levels restrict the length of food chains and the biomass of higher trophic levels.

Detailed explanation-2: -As the energy moves through an ecosystem, it is transformed at each trophic level and it is ultimately transformed into heat energy, which cannot be directly utilized by the living organisms as they cannot convert heat to other forms of energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Not all the energy is passed from one level of the food chain to the next. About 90 per cent of energy may be lost as heat (released during respiration), through movement, or in materials that the consumer does not digest. The energy stored in undigested materials can be transferred to decomposers.