LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. What is survival due to? Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.

Detailed explanation-2: -Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.

Detailed explanation-3: -Natural selection is the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change. Individuals in a population are naturally variable, meaning that they are all different in some ways. This variation means that some individuals have traits better suited to the environment than others.

Detailed explanation-4: -Darwin argued that, as a consequence of natural selection preferentially retaining those heritable variations associated with greater survival and reproductive success, organisms will appear as if they are designed to maximize their survival and reproductive success-that is, their Darwinian fitness.

Detailed explanation-5: -A Darwinian adaptation is an organism’s feature that was functionally designed by the process of evolution by selection acting in nature in the past. Functional design rules out explanations of drift, incidental effect, phylogenetic legacy and mutation.