LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species’ relatedness.

Detailed explanation-2: -Comparative anatomy is the study of the similarities and differences in the structures of different species. Similar body parts may be homologous structures or analogous structures. Both provide evidence for evolution.

Detailed explanation-3: -An example of homologous structures are the limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats. Regardless of whether it is an arm, leg, flipper or wing, these structures are built upon the same bone structure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: When parts of an animal serve different functions but have similar placement and bone structure (such as a wolf forearm and a whale flipper) and are derived from a common ancestor, these two structures are homologous.