LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -An adaptation is any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in the specific biological environment is known as adaptation or fitness of the individuals.

Detailed explanation-3: -To an evolutionary biologist, fitness simply means reproductive success and reflects how well an organism is adapted to its environment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Evolutionary biologists use the word fitness to describe how good a particular genotype is at leaving offspring in the next generation relative to other genotypes. So if brown beetles consistently leave more offspring than green beetles because of their color, you’d say that the brown beetles had a higher fitness.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the first four editions of On the Origin of Species, Darwin had used the phrase “natural selection". In Chapter 4 of the 5th edition of The Origin published in 1869, Darwin implies again the synonym: “Natural Selection, or the Survival of the Fittest".