LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -why does geographic isolation of two populations of a species tend to increase differences between their gene pools? It prevents interbreeding between populations.

Detailed explanation-2: -Geographic isolation is known to contribute to divergent evolution, resulting in unique phenotypes. Oftentimes morphologically distinct populations are found to be interfertile while reproductive isolation is found to exist within nominal morphological species revealing the existence of cryptic species.

Detailed explanation-3: -Allopatric speciation (1) occurs when a species separates into two separate groups which are isolated from one another. A physical barrier, such as a mountain range or a waterway, makes it impossible for them to breed with one another.

Detailed explanation-4: -When two populations are geographically isolated they can no longer interbreed. There is no mixing of genes between the groups and over generations differences build up between the populations. This is caused by mutations, genetic drift, and the founder effect, especially if the population is small.