LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Geographical isolation means the separation of species by physical barriers like water forms, oceans, mountains, etc. The organisms are ultimately separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species.

Detailed explanation-2: -Geographic isolation occurs when two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water. For example, the Kaibab squirrel is a subspecies of the Abert’s squirrel that formed when a small population became isolated on the north rim of the Grand Canyon.

Detailed explanation-3: -If islands like Madagascar, Hawaii, and Australia, are home to a unique variety of flora and fauna, they owe it to their ‘geographic isolation’. In biology, species is defined as a group of organisms with the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in the natural environment.

Detailed explanation-4: -In allopatric speciation, a species population becomes separated by a geographic barrier, whereby reproductive isolation evolves producing two separate species.