LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is: Artificial selection.

Detailed explanation-2: -Farmers and breeders allowed only the plants and animals with desirable characteristics to reproduce, causing the evolution of farm stock. This process is called artificial selection because people (instead of nature) select which organisms get to reproduce.

Detailed explanation-3: -Breeding pigeons was a popular hobby in England in Darwin’s time. By selecting which pigeons were allowed to mate, people had a profound effect on their appearance, such as the shape and size of their beaks and the color of their feathers. Dog breeding is another prime example of artificial selection.

Detailed explanation-4: -Artificial selection on wild mustard For example, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, kale, and kohlrabi bear little superficial resemblance to their wild mustard relatives. And yet, through many generations of artificial selection, these five distinct crops were intentionally evolved from a wild, weedy ancestor.

Detailed explanation-5: -The methods of artificial selection are inbreeding (mating close relatives), line breeding (mating distant relatives) and outcrossing (mating unrelated individuals).