LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In Mendelian convention, a capital letter is used to denote the dominant allele of a gene and a small letter for the recessive allele of the gene. E.g. ‘Y’ is the dominant allele responsible for yellow seed coat while ‘y’ is the recessive allele responsible for green seed coat in pea plants.

Detailed explanation-2: -A capital letter represents the dominant form of a gene (allele), and a lowercase letter is the abbreviation for the recessive form of the gene (allele). phenotype = the physical appearance of a trait in an organism.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is conventional in genetics to use capital letters to indicate dominant alleles and lower-case letters to indicate recessive alleles.