LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The genotype is represented by two letters for each trait, indicating two alleles. Gamete cells are labeled with only one letter because they carry only one allele for the trait.

Detailed explanation-2: -A particular genotype is described as homozygous if it features two identical alleles and as heterozygous if the two alleles differ. The process of determining a genotype is called genotyping.

Detailed explanation-3: -Number of genotypes for a given number of alleles Given n alleles at a locus, the number genotypes possible is the sum of the integers between 1 and n: With 2 alleles, the number of genotypes is 1 + 2 = 3.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each pair of alleles represents the genotype of a specific gene. Genotypes are described as homozygous if there are two identical alleles at a particular locus and as heterozygous if the two alleles differ. Alleles contribute to the organism’s phenotype, which is the outward appearance of the organism.