LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In biology, these outward physical traits are called a phenotype, and that underlying genetic code is called a genotype. Scientists use certain letters to represent different types of genes, known as alleles, which come together to create the genotype.

Detailed explanation-2: -When discussing genotype, biologists use uppercase letters to stand for dominant alleles and lowercase letters to stand for recessive alleles. With eye color, for instance, “B” stands for a brown allele and “b” stands for a blue allele.

Detailed explanation-3: -Letters are commonly used to represent different versions of a gene (alleles). For instance in the example below the letter ‘A’ represents an allele that codes for red feathers. The letter ‘a’ represents an allele that codes for blue feathers.