LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -When the genes and alleles are expressed in observable traits, it is considered the phenotype. Phenotypes can be eye color, height, or even hair texture. Genotypes can be used to find the phenotypes of an organisms’ offspring through a test cross and in turn, acquire the phenotypic ratio.

Detailed explanation-2: -An individual who carries two copies of the same allele (i.e. RR or rr) is called a homozygote (homo = same, zygote = embryo). Homozygotes produce genoctypially identical offspring when allowed to self-fertilize. There are dominant homozygotes (i.e. RR individuals) and recessive homozygotes (i.e. rr individuals).

Detailed explanation-3: -Genotype and phenotype are two different concepts but are closely related to each other. Phenotype refers to the physical traits that are observed in an organism which are the outcome of the expression of the genes of an individual. The genotype determines the phenotype of an individual.