LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Studies on DNA and gene transfer were initially described in Streptococcus pneumoniae (Griffith, 1928). In 1928, Frederick Griffith proved that an avirulent pneumococcus strain was able to acquire lethal properties from a pathogenic variant from what was thought to be based on protein transfer (Griffith, 1928).

Detailed explanation-2: -Frederick Griffith experiments were conducted with Streptococcus pneumoniae. During the experiment, Griffith cultured Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria which showed two patterns of growth. One culture plate consisted of smooth shiny colonies (S) while other consisted of rough colonies (R).

Detailed explanation-3: -Frederick Griffith was a British scientist who studied Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacteria that causes pneumonia in mice.

Detailed explanation-4: -Griffith used two strains of pneumococcus (Diplococcus pneumoniae) bacteria which infect mice – a type III-S (smooth) which was virulent, and a type II-R (rough) strain which was nonvirulent.