LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Translation involves “decoding” a messenger RNA (mRNA) and using its information to build a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids. For most purposes, a polypeptide is basically just a protein (with the technical difference being that some large proteins are made up of several polypeptide chains).

Detailed explanation-2: -During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.

Detailed explanation-3: -Translation involves a complex cellular organelle, the ribosome, which together with a number of accessory factors reads the code in a mRNA molecule and produces the appropriate polypeptide235. The ribosome is the site of polypeptide synthesis.