LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Although methionine (Met) is the first amino acid incorporated into any new protein, it is not always the first amino acid in mature proteins-in many proteins, methionine is removed after translation.

Detailed explanation-3: -START and STOP codons It codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) and directs the addition of Met to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. Of the 64 codons, only 61 code for amino acids and the remaining three codons are STOP codons that signal the end or termination of translation.