LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Genes are sequences of DNA nucleotides that carry and transmit the information specifying amino acid sequences for protein synthesis. Each DNA molecule contains many genes. The genome refers collectively to the total genetic information coded in a cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce regulatory molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located on a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional protein. A genetic structure in a cell composed of condensed DNA, which contains the genetic code for an organism.

Detailed explanation-4: -The one gene–one enzyme hypothesis, proposed by George Wells Beadle in the US in 1941, is the theory that each gene directly produces a single enzyme, which consequently affects an individual step in a metabolic pathway.