LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The enzymes that perform transcription are called RNA polymerases. Like the DNA polymerase that catalyzes DNA replication (discussed in Chapter 5), RNA polymerases catalyze the formation of the phosphodiester bonds that link the nucleotides together to form a linear chain.

Detailed explanation-2: -During elongation, RNA polymerase “walks” along one strand of DNA, known as the template strand, in the 3’ to 5’ direction. For each nucleotide in the template, RNA polymerase adds a matching (complementary) RNA nucleotide to the 3’ end of the RNA strand.

Detailed explanation-3: -RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA, using the antisense strand of the DNA as template by adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing strand.