LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Antigens are like a name tag for each pathogen that announce the pathogens’ presence to your immune system. Some pathogens are general, whereas others are very specific.

Detailed explanation-2: -Antigens are proteins that are found on the surface of the pathogen. Antigens are unique to that pathogen. The whooping cough bacterium, for example, will have different antigens on its surface from the TB bacterium. When an antigen enters the body, the immune system produces antibodies against it.

Detailed explanation-3: -Opsonization is an immune process which uses opsonins to tag foreign pathogens for elimination by phagocytes. Without an opsonin, such as an antibody, the negatively-charged cell walls of the pathogen and phagocyte repel each other.

Detailed explanation-4: -The difference between antigen and pathogen is easy to understand: An antigen is a substance that triggers the production of antibodies. Pathogens are harmful microorganisms that can cause diseases.