MCQ IN MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -People become infected with these diseases when they swallow or have contact with water that has been contaminated by certain parasites. For example, individuals drinking water contaminated with fecal matter containing the ameba Entamoeba histolytica can get amebic dysentery (amebiasis).

Detailed explanation-2: -There are three main types of parasites that can affect humans: protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. These parasites can live on or in the human body and cause various diseases. These parasites are often the result of consuming contaminated foods or water, though insects and other animals can also carry parasites.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some parasites can enter directly through the skin. Others are transmitted by insect bites. Rarely, parasites are spread through blood transfusions, in transplanted organs, through injections with a needle previously used by an infected person, or from a pregnant woman to her fetus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ascaris and Ascariasis The adult worm lives in the intestine, and the female produces eggs that pass out with the feces, and the larvae within the eggs develop to the infective stage in soil. Humans become infected when food contaminated with infective eggs is eaten and the larvae emerge in the intestine.

Detailed explanation-5: -Viruses, bacteria, and parasites that get inside the digestive tract often cause diarrhea. Large amounts of water are lost with the diarrhea. This may cause fluid loss (dehydration) in children. Children become dehydrated much quicker than adults.