MCQ IN MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -Immunity to a disease is achieved through the presence of antibodies to that disease in a person’s system. Antibodies are proteins produced by the body to neutralize or destroy toxins or disease-carrying organisms. Antibodies are disease-specific.

Detailed explanation-2: -The three types of immunity are innate, adaptive, and passive. Innate immunity includes barriers, such as skin and mucous membranes, that keep harmful substances from entering the body. It is the first response of the body’s immune system to a foreign substance.

Detailed explanation-3: -Immunity refers to the body’s ability to prevent the invasion of pathogens. Pathogens are foreign disease-causing substances, such as bacteria and viruses, and people are exposed to them every day. Antigens are attached to the surface of pathogens and stimulate an immune response in the body.

Detailed explanation-4: -Immunity is the ability of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents such as bacteria, toxins, viruses and foreign tissues. Substances that are recognised as foreign and provoke an immune response are called antigens.

Detailed explanation-5: -Resistance is defined as the ability to limit pathogen burden while tolerance is defined as the ability to limit the health impact caused by a given pathogen burden. The sum of these two mechanisms defines a host’s defensive capacity.