MEDICINE MCQ
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
a human cell being attacked and intruded by influenza
|
|
|
the COVID-19 vaccine being administered to patients
|
|
|
an infected tick latching itself to and feeding off of a praying mantis
|
|
|
Febreze!
|
|
|
a wounded dog barking at a bird’s nest
|
Detailed explanation-1: -The influenza virus’s hemagglutinin (HA) surface proteins then bind to the sialic acid receptors on the surface of a human respiratory tract cell. The structure of the influenza virus’s HA surface proteins is designed to fit the sialic acid receptors of the human cell, like a key to a lock.
Detailed explanation-2: -Influenza A virus (IAV) enters cells by binding to sialic acid on the cell surface. To accomplish this while avoiding immobilization by sialic acid in host mucus, viruses rely on a balance between the receptor-binding protein hemagglutinin (HA) and the receptor-cleaving protein neuraminidase (NA).
Detailed explanation-3: -The influenza viral spike that attaches to the cell receptor is the HA protein – hemagglutinin.
Detailed explanation-4: -T cells and B cells play key roles in adaptive immunity against the IAV infection. T cells are mainly known as CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which produce cytokines and effector molecules to restrict viral replication and kill virus-infected cells.