MEDICINE MCQ
NEUROLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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direct damage that occurs before the primary insult
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indirect damage to brain tissue that occurs after the primary insult
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direct damage to brain tissue that occurs after the primary insult
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indirect damage that happens before the primary insult
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Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary brain injury refers to the changes that evolve over a period of hours to days after the primary brain injury. It includes an entire series of steps or stages of cellular, chemical, tissue, or blood vessel changes in the brain that contribute to further destruction of brain tissue.
Detailed explanation-2: -Primary or immediate injuries include intracranial hemorrhage, intraparenchymal injuries, including DAI and contusions, cerebral edema, fractures, and extracranial soft-tissue injury/lacerations. Secondary injuries consist of hypoxia/ischemia, increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, and infection.
Detailed explanation-3: -Causes of secondary brain injury include haematoma, contusion, diffuse brain swelling, systemic shock and intracranial infection. Hypoxia and/or hypotension in a moderate to severely injured brain, even briefly, can have a harmful impact on outcome and survival.