MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulin, that help maintain the colloidal osmotic pressure at about 25 mmHg. Electrolytes like sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium help maintain blood pH. Immunoglobulins help fight infection and various other small amounts of enzymes, hormones, and vitamins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Albumin is the most abundant protein in blood plasma and acts as a carrier for many circulating molecules. Hypoalbuminaemia, mostly caused by either renal or liver disease or malnutrition, can perturb vascular homeostasis and is involved in the development of multiple diseases.

Detailed explanation-3: -Much of the protein of plasma is produced in the liver. The major plasma protein is serum albumin, a relatively small molecule, the principal function of which is to retain water in the bloodstream by its osmotic effect. The amount of serum albumin in the blood is a determinant of the total volume of plasma.

Detailed explanation-4: -Albumin is a single chain protein with low molecular weight (66/5 kDa) which containing 585 amino acids. It is a simple protein, non-glycosylated polypeptide, hydrophobic patches/cavities, and it lacks prosthetic groups.