MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Blood leaves the capillary and enters the small venules. These venules become progressively larger vessels called veins. The vena cava are the two largest veins that carry blood into the right upper chamber of the heart (the right atrium).

Detailed explanation-2: -Through the thin walls of the capillaries, oxygen and nutrients pass from blood into tissues, and waste products pass from tissues into blood. From the capillaries, blood passes into venules, then into veins to return to the heart.

Detailed explanation-3: -Eventually, the smallest arteries, vessels called arterioles, further branch into tiny capillaries, where nutrients and wastes are exchanged, and then combine with other vessels that exit capillaries to form venules, small blood vessels that carry blood to a vein, a larger blood vessel that returns blood to the heart.

Detailed explanation-4: -The capillaries, where the gaseous exchange occurs, merge into venules and these converge to form larger and larger veins until the blood reaches either the superior vena cava or inferior vena cava, which drain into the right atrium.