MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Reduced vascular diameter can also be due to reversible spasm of the smooth muscle cells in the vessel wall. A vascular dysregulation caused by an endothelial dysfunction is often implicated in glaucoma.

Detailed explanation-2: -In blood vessels, most of the resistance is due to vessel diameter. As vessel diameter decreases, the resistance increases and blood flow decreases. Very little pressure remains by the time blood leaves the capillaries and enters the venules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vasoconstriction is what healthcare providers call it when the muscles around your blood vessels tighten to make the space inside smaller. This is the opposite of vasodilation, which opens your blood vessels to make the space inside bigger.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels as a result of the relaxation of the blood vessel’s muscular walls. Vasodilation is a mechanism to enhance blood flow to areas of the body that are lacking oxygen and/or nutrients.